What is the purpose of obtaining a mammogram?

The primary purpose of obtaining a mammogram is to detect breast cancer in its early stages. Mammograms are specialized X-ray images of the breast that can identify tumors and any abnormalities long before physical symptoms appear. Early detection through regular mammograms significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and can save lives. This makes regular screening a crucial part of women's health care, especially for those over the age of 40 or those with a family history of breast cancer.

Other options provided relate to different health concerns—heart disease, kidney function, and lung infections—none of which are associated with mammograms. Understanding the specific focus of mammograms on breast health is vital in recognizing their essential role in cancer prevention and awareness.